Attorney General Jeff Sessions came to Baltimore Tuesday promising to speed up the deportation of immigrants and implement broad Trump administration polices aimed at curbing overall immigration into the United States.

Sessions also said the Department of Justice was refocusing on its partnership with Department of Homeland Security and other federal agencies to crack down on MS-13, an El Salvador-based gang. 

From Trump’s inauguration in late January to early September, nearly 54,000 immigrants had been deported from the interior U.S., a 34 percent jump over the same period last year, according to reporting by The Washington Post. 

“Under President Trump, our immigration judges completed 20,000 more cases this last fiscal year than the previous one,” Sessions said. “We have hired 50 immigration judges since January, and we plan to hire another 60 over the next six months.”

Sessions added that he supports the president’s proposals to end chain migration—the opportunity for U.S. citizens to sponsor close members for permanent resident status—and prioritize the applications of immigrants who speak English or are highly skilled.

Later, when asked by a local reporter if the FBI planned to pick up the investigation into the death of Baltimore police detective Sean Suiter—as requested by city police chief Kevin Davis—Sessions said the move was likely. Suiter was shot in November while investigating a triple homicide from 2016. He was scheduled to testify before a grand jury the following day in an ongoing federal investigation of the Baltimore Police Department’s gun task force.

What wasn’t made clear was why Sessions, who was accompanied by recently confirmed Department of Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen, chose Baltimore for the backdrop of his immigration remarks.

The attorney general recounted two grisly murders, which were attributed to MS-13, but that did not take place in the city or surrounding counties. The El Salvadoran-based gang is not prominent in the city, according to Baltimore police officials. Earlier in his remarks, Sessions highlighted Baltimore’s violent crime and murder rates—among the highest in the country—before pivoting to MS-13, which he called “one of the most dangerous gangs in America.”

“The people of this community have seen it firsthand,” Sessions said of MS-13 violence, conflating Baltimore’s crime problems with Central American immigration.

When asked how targeting MS-13 would impact Baltimore’s homicide rate, Sessions said, “I don’t know that the city itself has a high MS-13 murder rate. But this region—Northern Virginia, Islip, New York, Houston, Los Angeles—are the centerpieces of the most MS-13 violence.”

Sessions also appeared to deem Baltimore a “sanctuary” city, a description not legally defined, but which could have adverse consequences for Baltimore, in terms of crime fighting resources and grant opportunities under the Trump administration.

“City officials have declared it so,” Sessions said in a response to a Baltimore magazine query about Baltimore’s status in his view.

“We’re reviewing things to make sure of the details of each city,” Sessions continued. “I see no justification whatsoever for any city, any jurisdiction, any state to take the view that someone who enters the country illegally and then commits some other crime should be protected from the federal law to be deported.”

Police Commissioner Davis has said that tying local law enforcement to federal immigration policy “sends the wrong message” to immigrant communities and can damage local law enforcement efforts.

In February, the Department of Homeland Security named Baltimore to its list of sanctuary cities, which in large part is made up of jurisdictions that do not cooperate with DHS requests to notify them when immigrants are being detained and hold them until its officers can be present. That same month, a number of immigrants in Baltimore, including some without criminal backgrounds after arriving in the U.S., were picked up in the city, leading to a pro-immigrant march in Highlandtown.

Baltimore does not control immigrant detention policy at its jail, as Mayor Catherine Pugh noted in an interview Tuesday after Sessions’ remarks—the state of Maryland does. Currently, the Hogan administration does not detain immigrants beyond their scheduled release when requested by Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officials. The state does, however, provide advance information to ICE officers about the pending release of immigrant detainees so they can be on hand for their re-arrest.

Pugh described Baltimore not as a sanctuary city, but as a “welcoming city.”

“We can’t be a sanctuary city because we don’t control our jails or prison system,” Pugh said when asked about Sessions’ characterization. “But we are a welcoming city. We support all those who are in our city, who are working and adding to our city’s economy everyday.”

In November, Pugh announced that the city would become one of 11 jurisdictions around the country that are a part of the SAFE (Safety and Fairness for Everyone) Cities Network, a group devoted to protecting immigrants and funded by the Vera Institute of Justice. That initiative came on top of the establishment of a $500,000 legal defense fund—Safe City Baltimore—that was made in partnership with several local nonprofits, including the Open Society Institute.

To celebrate its 15th anniversary in the city, Open Society Institute-Baltimore hosted Big Change Baltimore last year, bringing together innovative thinkers to discuss the most challenging issues facing the city.

The event, which attracted a sold-out crowd of 500 people to Center Stage, was so successful that OSI is hosting a second installment on October 27. “People care deeply about the city, but they may not feel hopeful,” says OSI-Baltimore’s director Diana Morris. “We want to give people a sense of the work that’s already underway on some of the toughest issues in the city.”

These issues include education, racial inequality, drug addiction, and criminal justice—topics that will be discussed by former New York Times executive editor Bill Keller, Orange is the New Black writer Piper Kerman, racial justice expert Ian Haney López, and UMBC president Freeman A. Hrabowski III, among others. “I think it will be more like a conversation, where I will talk about the intersection of journalism and criminal justice,” says Keller, whose new website The Marshall Project launches this fall. “Baltimore is clearly a city that has been wrestling with the problems we’ll be writing about [on the site]: corruption, brutality, overcrowding.”

Kerman will discuss her personal experience in the criminal-justice system, as portrayed in the Netflix show based on her book. “It’s really important for me to remind people that the show is grounded in reality,” she says. “As a person of good fortune and privilege, it’s also important for me to talk about how not all Americans are policed equally.”

Morris says the discussion will also emphasize education reform, something that OSI-Baltimore has been focused on since its inception. “We’ve been able to get suspensions down, and get kids courses they need in a specialized way,” Morris says. “Sometimes hearing about solutions is even more important than discussing the problems.”

(See full interview with Piper Kerman.)

Big Change Baltimore, an annual forum to discuss city issues organized by Open Society Institute, is being held next week at Center Stage. We got a chance to chat with one of its guest speakers, Piper Kerman, about criminal justice and what it’s like to have your life portrayed on a popular Netflix series.

What was your reaction when OSI asked you to be a speaker at Big Change Baltimore?
Piper Kerman: Well I am pretty familiar with their work down in Baltimore. I’ve been privileged to do work with OSI for many years. They are one of the fundamental supporters of criminal justice reform in the nation.

How much do you know about Baltimore?
PK: You know, I have only visited Baltimore a few times. It’s always been interesting. National attention turns to Baltimore frequently; it sort of has an outsized vision. I always try to get a sense of what things are like at the ground when it comes to criminal justice. Some places have acute problems like Alabama, which has a notorious women’s prison. California has host of very unique problems when it comes to reforming their prison system. It’s well worth investing time and energy finding out. Most of the innovation is coming from out in the states. As much as there are unique problems in the states, there are unique solutions.

It seems like Baltimore, like many other cities, is plagued by issues around breakdowns of other systems—like public education and public health isn’t working for everyone. The folks from our most vulnerable communities aren’t getting what they need from other systems. When kids don’t graduate from high school, too often they are doomed to go into the criminal justice system. Those problems are germane in Baltimore, including questions about how public resources are directed, particularly to the poorest communities. Having gone through the system, there is no question that these systems and places will only change when people who operate them change.

What specific issues will you address during your session of the conference?
PK: I speak very much from my own experience. I’ll talk about the incarceration of non-violent drug offenders because that’s driven our prison population to outsized numbers. I think as a person of good fortune and privilege, it’s important for me to talk about how not all Americans are policed equally, and I think that my own story puts it into stark relief.

How did your experiences inform your knowledge about the criminal justice system?
PK: When I was indicted in 1998, I knew virtually nothing about the criminal justice system. The whole personal experience of going to prison informs my perspective of how well or poorly those processes work. Since I came home in 2005, I’ve been able to work with advocates for criminal justice reform. For example, OSI is a big supporter of work on stop, question, and frisk. I am fortunate to have lived the experience.

What has it been like to have your life portrayed on Orange Is the New Black?
PK: It’s a very interesting thing. I talk to viewers of OITNB, people who love the show and watch the show. When I talk to older folks, people who are more street smart, those folks often say that the show is really real to them. The characters remind them of people they know. When I talk to younger viewers, college students for example, they ask if the characters are real. It’s really important for me to remind people that the show is grounded in reality. These characters that they’re so fascinated by are rooted in real people. 

I’ll talk to prisoners and they’ll say, “We have a Pennsyltucky. We have a Crazy Eyes.” Obviously there are real women we’re talking about in the book. What makes me really happy about the show is its true to spirit of the book. The reason I wrote the book is, when we recognize that these 2.4 million incarcerated people are human beings, that’s the very first step to having really robust public debate.